Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP): This is a procedure that involves passing a flexible tube with a camera through the mouth and into the bile ducts to remove any blockages or stones.

This is a procedure that involves passing a flexible tube with a camera through the mouth and into the bile ducts to remove any stones or debris causing the obstruction.

Endoscopic dilation involves inserting a scope into the duodenum and using a balloon or other device to stretch the narrowed area, allowing food to pass through more easily.

Endoscopic dilation involves inserting a scope into the esophagus and using a balloon or other device to stretch the narrowed area

This may involve using a scope to inject medication, apply bands, or use other devices to close off the varices.

Endoscopic resection of gastric polyps (gastroscopy) is a minimally invasive procedure that uses an endoscope to remove small gastric polyps.

This is a minimally invasive procedure that involves using an endoscope, a flexible tube with a light and camera on the end, to cauterize the bleeding tear in the esophagus.

In some cases, a cyst can be drained using a needle inserted through the skin into the cyst. This may be done under imaging guidance, such as ultrasound or CT, and may require multiple procedures over time.

The goal of the surgery is to remove the tumor or tissue causing the excessive hormone production and alleviate the symptoms associated with acromegaly

The surgical treatment of Cushing’s disease involves the removal of the tumor in the pituitary gland that is causing the overproduction of cortisol

This technique involves the removal of excess fat using a cannula (thin tube) inserted through small incisions in the chest area

Mastectomy is a surgical procedure that involves the removal of breast tissue and is typically used to treat breast cancer in women. In cases of severe or persistent gynecomastia, a similar procedure called subcutaneous mastectomy may be recommended in men.

The most common treatment for hyperparathyroidism is surgical removal of the enlarged gland, which is called a parathyroidectomy.

In some cases, surgery may be recommended to remove a portion or all of the thyroid gland, especially if the patient has a large goiter or if antithyroid medication and radioactive iodine therapy are not effective.

The surgical treatment of parathyroid adenoma involves removing the affected gland(s) through a small incision in the neck, typically under general anesthesia

Surgery to remove a prolactinoma is called transsphenoidal surgery, which involves accessing the tumor through the nose or mouth and removing as much of the tumor as possible while preserving normal pituitary function.

Transcranial resection is a type of surgery that involves accessing the tumor through an opening in the skull, rather than through the nose or mouth. This approach is typically reserved for larger or more complex tumors that cannot be removed through the transsphenoidal approach.

The main goal of surgery is to remove the tumor and any surrounding tissue that may be affected, while preserving organ function

The surgical treatment of thyroid cancer typically involves the removal of all or part of the thyroid gland (thyroidectomy)

Thyroidectomy with lymphadenectomy is a surgical treatment option for thyroid cancer. It involves removing all or part of the thyroid gland and the nearby lymph nodes in the neck region.

Chemotherapy involves the use of drugs that target and kill cancer cells. The drugs can be taken orally, intravenously, or by injection.

Surgery is the mainstay of therapy for adrenal cancer, and the primary goal is to remove the tumor as completely as possible. Depending on the size, location, and extent of the cancer, an open adrenalectomy or minimally invasive laparoscopic surgery may be performed.

Chemotherapy may be recommended after surgery to destroy any remaining cancer cells or to shrink the tumor before surgery